The domain name system resolves domain names to IP addresses. DNS security extensions can validate the integrity of the chain of trust, ensuring that users are visiting the correct website.
DNSSEC is short for Domain Name System Security Extensions. It is a set of extensions that add extra security to the DNS protocol. This is done by enabling the validation of DNS requests, which is specifically effective against DNS spoofing attacks. DNSSEC provides the DNS records with a digital signature, so the resolver can check if the content is authentic.
Additional security
Not only is DNSSEC a security feature by itself, it also provides a platform for additional features like:
1. DKIM (Domain Keys Identified Mail)
DKIM (Domain Keys Identified Mail) is an email authentication technique that allows the receiver to check that an email was indeed sent and authorized by the owner of that domain. This is done by giving the email a digital signature. This DKIM signature is a header that is added to the message and is secured with encryption.
Once receiver (or receiving system) determines that an email is signed with a valid DKIM signature, it’s certain that parts of the email among which the message body and attachments haven’t been modified. Usually, DKIM signatures are not visible to end-users, the validation is done on a server level.
Implementing the DKIM standard will improve email deliver-ability. If you use DKIM record together with DMARC (and even SPF) you can also protect your domain against malicious emails sent on behalf of your domains.
2. SPF (Sender Policy Framework)
The Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is an email-authentication technique which is used to prevent spammers from sending messages on behalf of your domain. With SPF an organisation can publish authorized mail servers. Together with the DMARC related information, this gives the receiver (or receiving systems) information on how trustworthy the origin of an email is. SPF is, just like DMARC, an email authentication technique that uses DNS (Domain Name Service). This gives you, as an email sender, the ability to specify which email servers are permitted to send email on behalf of your domain.
3. DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance)
DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication Reporting and Conformance) is an email validation system designed to protect your company’s email domain from being used for email spoofing, phishing scams and other cyber-crimes. DMARC leverages the existing email authentication techniques SPF (Sender Policy Framework) DKIM (Domain Keys Identified Mail). DMARC adds an important function, reporting. When a domain owner publishes a DMARC record into their DNS record, they will gain insight in who is sending email on behalf of their domain. This information can be used to get detailed information about the email channel. With this information a domain owner can get control over the email sent on his behalf. You can use DMARC to protect your domains against abuse in phishing or spoofing attacks.
As a website owner, you want to know for sure that your visitors or customers will only see emails that you have sent yourself. Therefore, DMARC is a must for every domain owner. Securing your email with DMARC gives email receivers certainty whether an email is legit and has originated from you. This results in a positive impact on email delivery and also prevents others from sending email using your domain.
4. DANE (DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities)
Especially DANE, which is a protocol that allows Transport Layer Security (TLS) certificates to be bound to Domain Name System (DNS) names, is considered a major step forward in security after some certificate authorities (CA) providers have been breached and any CA could issue a certificate for any domain name. This is why we say that the green padlock is required, but not enough. Going forward it’s important to know that all the popular browsers support DNSSEC and most of them support DANE (for some browsers you may need a plug-in), so implementation of this extra security should put a major dent in the possibilities for DNS spoofing.
DNSSEC and Your Business
Given the security a validated IP address provides, why aren’t more businesses using DNSSEC? Unfortunately, awareness of DNSSEC and DNS is still lacking. While some government agencies and financial institutions now require DNSSEC to be implemented on domain names, the MUSH sector (municipalities, universities, schools, hospitals), ISP s, digital and eCommerce retailers still lag behind. Businesses that want to ensure the integrity of their domains should prioritize DNSSEC .

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